Research on naringin in the prevention of cardiovascular disease has focused on the following areas:
Antioxidant effect: Naringin is a potent natural antioxidant that can scavenge free radicals in the body, such as superoxide anion radicals and hydroxyl radicals, preventing them from causing damage to cells. At the same time, naringin can also increase the body’s antioxidant enzyme activity, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), these enzymes help to protect the cells from oxidative stress damage, thus slowing down or preventing oxidative stress caused by vascular endothelial cell damage and dysfunction, to prevent cardiovascular disease.
Regulation of blood lipid function: Naringin can effectively reduce the levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triacylglycerol, while possibly increasing the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). By regulating lipid levels, naringenin helps reduce the formation of atherosclerosis and lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease. Long-term use of naringin may be an effective non-pharmacological treatment for the control and management of hyperlipidemia and its associated cardiovascular diseases.
Anti-inflammatory effects: Inflammatory responses play an important role in the pathology of cardiovascular disease. Naringin can reduce inflammatory damage by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators and reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines, which helps to maintain the stability of the blood vessel wall and prevent the development of atherosclerosis.
Improve vascular function: Naringin can promote the release of nitric oxide from the endothelial cells of blood vessels, thus dilating blood vessels, lowering blood pressure and reducing the burden on the heart. At the same time, it can also increase the expression of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in vascular endothelial cells, further improving vascular function. In addition, naringin can improve coronary microcirculation, increase coronary blood flow, and promote the repair and regeneration of myocardial ischemic areas.
Inhibition of platelet aggregation: Naringin can effectively inhibit platelet aggregation and reduce the risk of thrombosis, thus preventing the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
Cardioprotective effect: Naringin can reduce the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, increase the survival rate of cardiomyocytes, enhance the energy metabolism of cardiomyocytes, improve the contractility and efficiency of cardiomyocytes, and have a protective effect on the myocardium, which is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure.